This blog is reaponse of thinking Activity given by Professor Dr. Dilip Barad sir. Here i discuss about all the questions of Theory of Archetypas.
Theory of Archetype
Northrop Frye
Northrop Frye was well known critic. His full name Herman Northrop Frye. He was Canadian educator and literary critic who wrote much on Canadian literature and culture and became best known as one of the most important literary theorists of the 20th century.
1. What is Archetypal Criticism? What does the archetypal critic do?
Ans, Archetypal literary criticism is a theory that interprets a text by focusing on recurring myths and archetypes in the narrative and symbols, images character types in a literary work. Archetype denotes recurrent narrative designs, patterns of action, character types, themes and images which are identifiable in a wide variety of works of literature, as well as in myths, dreams and even social rituals. Such recurrent items result from elemental and universal patterns in the human psyche.The Archetypal critic tries to find this pattern, symbol and myth in present literary work.
2. What is Frye trying prove by giving an analogy of ' Physics to Nature' and 'Criticism to Literature'?
Ans, 'physics is learning of nature'. We cannot learn literature. We can only learn about literature. Sciences like Physics and Chemistry can be learned. Art and literature is the subject of study and criticism is study itself; study of literature.
„Physics is an organized body of knowledge about nature, and a student of it says that he is learning physics, not nature. Art, like nature, has to be distinguished from the systematic study of it, which is criticism.“
Study of literature must be the central one or it should be the object of centripetal perspective. In order to do it successfully we need a coordinating principle. Literature is the inexhaustible source from which new critical discoveries are made. This helps to keep the science of criticism alive. In this way we are exhorted to look for more than what a poet might have put in a poem than just getting satiated with the common reading of the poem. Structural analysis of a work of art is necessary keeping in view that there is a subject as literary criticism. Frye trying to prove given to analogy that physics is learning of nature and literature is criticism of nature.
3. Share your views of Criticism as an organised body of knowledge. Mention relation of literature with history and philosophy.
Ans, Archetype criticism is based on philosophy and History of people. As it has been said that literature includes history as well as philosophy to convey its meaning so it displays events and ideas. History and philosophy are two important pillars of literature. History gives events and philosophy gives ideas and writer combines both and creates work of literature. Thus both are important to literature. We are not studying history or philosophy but talking only their help to understand literature.
4.Briefly explain inductive method with illustration of Shakespeare's Hamlet's Grave Digger's scene.
Ans , His Methodology
- Inductive method (from particular to general)
- Deductive method (from general to particular)
Grave digger scene - Hamlet
Glimpse of an archetype - "Liebestod" (German word )
Liebestod : Liebe means Love and Tod means Death. So Liebestod means "Love Death" or can we say Death of one side love.
Northrop Frye discuss the two methods to prove his observation that is Inductive method and Deductive method. In the inductive method observation from particular to general. For understanding of this concept the best example is the Hamlet's grave digger's scene by Shakespeare. First we seen a grave digger seen he shows that every human being are dies in one's reason. And Grave as a symbol of Death. In this manner (inductive method) we back up a literary work to go deep into it later on. In Hamlet we see how the intricate verbal structure is preceded by the images of corruption and decay and also which is followed by the genre.In inductive method we probe into the genre of a work because the method is from particular to general whereas deductive method is from general to particular.
5. Briefly explain deductive method reference to an analogy to music, painting, rhythm and pattern. Give examples of the outcome of deductive method.
Ans, Deductive method ( general to particular).
Time > Space
music> Painting
Rhythm> Pattern
Rhythm and pattern can be observed in almost all kinds of arts, for example in Music and Painting. music has rhythm and painting have pattern. we might not understand music in few minutes but we might understand painting in few minutes.
Pattern of music and Rhythm of painting. Time and space all are arts. Literature combin both of them.So music , rhythm, painting, pattern it helps to understand the literature.and deductive method help to understand literature.
6, Refer to the Indian seasonal grid (below). If you can, please read small Gujarati or Hindi or English poem from the archetypal approach and apply Indian seasonal grid in the interpretation.
Indian seasons
Gujrati poem
In this poem, the poet recounts the winter season. This season we feel very cold and in all seasons this season is considered good. This is the beginning of winter season, so everyone seems to be preparing accordingly, and the poet presents the thoughts of winter in this poem.
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